# FILE: /Users/michaeliscoding/projects/my_dir/file2.txt # DIR: /Users/michaeliscoding/projects/my_dir/my_subdir # third item - list of files - has index 2įile_path = os.path.join(item, file_name) Subdir_path = os.path.join(item, subdir_name) # first item - path to directory this tuple describes - has index 0 # second item - list of sub-directories - has index 1 We still need to put together the path by joining the path of the directory, which is in the first item with a file name or a directory name: # we iterate through all tuples Then the second item in the tuple always contains a list of sub-directories.įiles are always in the third item of the tuple. The first item in the tuple is a path to the directory. Tuples are generated only for directories. So we will get the entire tree of the directory. - This is list of files in my_subdir directoryĪs we can see from the above, os.walk() walks through the directory and all its subdirectories recursively.- This is list of sub-directories in my_subdir - it doesn’t have any sub-directories so its empty.'/Users/michaeliscoding/projects/my_dir/my_subdir' - This is path to my_subdir directory.The second one is a tuple describing our sub-directory my_subdir: ('/Users/michaeliscoding/projects/my_dir/my_subdir', - This is list of files under my_dir directory.- This is list of sub-directories in our my_dir directory containing one item: my_subdir.'/Users/michaeliscoding/projects/my_dir' - This is path to our my_dir directory.The first one is a tuple describing our my_dir : ('/Users/michaeliscoding/projects/my_dir', # ('/Users/michaeliscoding/projects/my_dir/my_subdir',, )įor our my_dir directory, we received two tuples. # ('/Users/michaeliscoding/projects/my_dir',, )
The third is a list of files in this directory.The second item is a list of sub-directories under this directory.The first is the path to the directory this tuple is describing.It walks our directory recursively through all the sub-directories and returns one tuple for each directory it finds on the way down. Like the previous one, the os.walk() function takes a directory path as a parameter.īut it doesn't return a simple list of files/folders names in our directory. Otherwise, the following function might work better for us. If we don’t care about sub-directories, then os.listdir() will work fine. It is a matter of opinion whether the third drawback is actually a drawback. # DIR: /Users/michaeliscoding/my_dir/my_subdir # FILE: /Users/michaeliscoding/my_dir/file1.txt # FILE: /Users/michaeliscoding/my_dir/file2.txt Otherwise, for a directory, it returns False. This function takes the path and returns True if there is a file at the path. We can use the function os.path.isfile() to check if an item is a file or a directory. # /Users/michaeliscoding/my_dir/my_subdir # /Users/michaeliscoding/my_dir/file1.txt # /Users/michaeliscoding/my_dir/file2.txt Item_path = os.path.join(dir_path, item_name) It puts together the path to our directory and file (or sub-directory) name to get the path: import osĭir_path = '/Users/michaeliscoding/my_dir' We can fix the first drawback by using the os.path.join() function. In our case, we don’t know what is in my_subdir We received a list of what is in the directory only on the top level, ignoring what is in subfolders.We don’t know if the item in the list is a file or a folder - we only have the name.The path might be useful if we want to do something with files/folders We only have the name of the file or folder, not a path to it.
Sometimes, it might be enough, but it has three drawbacks: This method will return a list of strings. The simplest way to list directory content is by using os.listdir: import osĬontent = os.listdir('/Users/michaeliscoding/my_dir') With that out of the way, let’s look at the three functions we can use. The most common is to use the built-in os module.įirst, let’s start with the test directory we'll be using. Reading directory content is easy in Python.
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